Hinduism And Christianity Essays - Hinduism, Monotheism, Religion

Hinduism And Christianity One would think that Christianity and Hinduism would have nothing in common, but in some ways they are. But mostly there are differences between the two. In this comparison that I am making one can find these similarities and differences. First I will start off by helping one understand Hinduism. To define Hinduism is very nearly impossible. Actually it is not so much a religion as a religion-social system. Although Hinduism contains a whole farrago of theologies, philosophies, and sacrificial systems, nevertheless its one dominant note is that of caste. Elaborate tissues of ancient religion-social laws were created and were indestructible. Hindu's tried to build a wall of law around the faith so that none could stray from it. The main part of the wall was naturally the caste distinctions, and these therefore received the most careful attention of the lawmakers. The superiority of the Brahmans and the inferiority of the laborer were declared to be ordered in heaven according to divine plans for the prosperity of the world. The cast system was with a man like his breath, was with him instantly from birth to death. Indeed, unlike his breath, it was suppose to follow him into the grave. These laws that regulate the caste are saved for there is no other unifying element in all Hinduism. Also Christians often form castes or endogamous bodies analogous to castes. This is done to form a more or less separate community. There are two major sections in Hinduism and at least fifty-seven sub sections, each are seeking to attain salvation with the aid of its own gods and ceremonies. Christianity, which is even more intensively divided, is at least united by its recognition of Jesus. Hinduism has no such common doctrine. It is true that about 300 A.D. an attempt was made to created such a doctrine by combining the there main Hindu gods into a universally acceptable trinity, but the attempt failed. By popular account it is known that Hinduism has thirty million gods, and Christianity belief is just one main god and only one god. Like Hinduism, Christianity has one God, but the similarity is that Hinduism has one main god Brahma. This chief god in the trinity never became popular safe with the priests and philosophers. He was not nearly concrete enough a deity for the plain people to believe in and now there are only a couple of temples in all of India that are devoted to his worship. Christians and Hindu's are also alike because of temples and churches. Both of these places are used to worship their gods and are also very sacred. Hinduism, despite the fact that it has never been united on any creed or rite, has rarely if ever led to bloodshed. Unlike the Christians, who again and again have resorted even to wholesome slaughter in order to extirpate all heresy. The Hindu's have rarely persecuted divergence of faith. They have been wise enough to see that each man has a right to worship as he sees himself fit, and that no man is justified in seeking to force his doctrine on his neighbor. No matter how many evils that have been debited against Hinduism, it at least has this one virtue that must be listed to its credit, it is tolerant. The Christian religion is known as the first, only, and true religion, meaning that Christianity was inherent in the beliefs of man since the creation of the world. The vie that Christianity represents a unity of divine service, knowledge of God, and morality long impeded the conceptual definition of the essence of Christianity. The unity of life and teaching that was determined for the essence of Christianity in the early church was not maintained for long. Because the development of a doctrine along the lines of true and false religion involved relationships with numerous heretical groups and external critics, the earlier and less rigid concept of unity was displaced. In Christianity there is what is known as a true Christian. Being a true Christian brings a new understanding of the essence of Christianity. As the spiritual Christianity for the reborn, true Christian consisted not in the acknowledgement of formal orthodox in the church, but rather in the spiritual rebirth of a person according to the image of Christ. This mystical theology developed in accordance with a personal experience of Christ as the proper essence of Christianity. But in comparison to Hinduism, because of the vast number of reincarnations of any given individual, Hinduism recognizes that most

Brick Wall Strategies for Finding Your Ancestors

Brick Wall Strategies for Finding Your Ancestors When it comes to family trees things are rarely straightforward. Families often disappear between one census and the next; records are lost or destroyed through mishandling, fire, war, and flood; and sometimes the facts you do find just dont make sense. When your family history research hits a dead-end, organize your facts and try one of these popular brick wall-busting tactics. Review What You Already Have I know. It seems basic. But I cant stress enough how many brick walls are breached with information that the researcher already has tucked away in notes, files, boxes or on the computer. Information that you found a few years ago may include names, dates or other details that now provide clues given new facts that youve since uncovered. Organizing your files and reviewing your information and evidence may uncover just the clue youre looking for. Go Back to the Original Source Many of us are guilty when transcribing information or recording notes of only including the information we deem important at the time. You may have kept the names and dates from that old census record, but did you also keep track of other information such as years of marriage and country of parents origin? Did you record the names of the neighbors? Or, perhaps, you misread a name or misinterpreted a relationship? If you havent already, be sure to go back to the original records, making complete copies and transcriptions and recording all clues - however unimportant they may seem right now. Broaden Your Search When youre stuck on a particular ancestor, a good strategy is to extend your search to family members and neighbors. When you cant find a birth record for your ancestor that lists his/her parents, maybe you can locate one for a sibling. Or, when youve lost a family between census years, try looking for their neighbors. You may be able to identify a migration pattern, or a mis-indexed census entry that way. Often referred to as cluster genealogy, this research process can often get you past tough brick walls. Question and Verify Many brick walls are built from incorrect data. In other words, your sources may be leading you in the wrong direction through their inaccuracy. Published sources often contain transcription errors, while even original documents may contain misinformation, whether purposefully or accidentally given. Try to find at least three records to verify any facts that you already know and judge the quality of your data based on the weight of the evidence. Check Name Variations Your brick wall may just be something as simple as looking for the wrong name. Variations of last names can make research complicated, but be sure to check all spelling options. Soundex is a first step, but you cant count on it entirely - some name variations can actually result in different soundex codes. Not only can the surnames be different, but the given name may be different as well. Ive found records recorded under initials, middle names, nicknames, etc. Get creative with name spellings and variations and cover all the possibilities. Learn Your Boundaries Even though you know that your ancestor lived on the same farm, you may still be looking in the wrong jurisdiction for your ancestor. Town, county, state, and even country boundaries have changed over time as populations grew or political authority changed hands. Records were also not always registered in the locality where your ancestors lived. In Pennsylvania, for example, births and deaths can be registered in any county, and many of my Cambria county ancestors records were actually located in neighboring Clearfield county because they lived closer to that county seat and found it a more convenient trip. So, bone up on your historical geography and you just may find a new route around your brick wall. Ask for Help Fresh eyes can often see beyond brick walls, so try bouncing your theories off other researchers. Post a query to a Web site or mailing list which focuses on the locality in which the family lived, check with members of the local historical or genealogical society, or just talk through it with someone else who loves family history research. Be sure to include what you already know, as well as what youd like to know and which tactics youve already tried.

Jump Ship and Shop Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Jump Ship and Shop - Case Study Example The second way is hosting events for customers with decorations and background carols (Mill 314). It allows customers to spend more time in the resort, explore the various products and services offered, and ask questions and clarifications where necessary. The third way to market is using the internet for the resorts with websites. The resorts design the home page to reflect the Christmas season and email any deals to their customers in the mailing list. Many shoppers would want to buy things for themselves and their friends and families. Resorts draw attention to larger groups of young people and families and especially between twenty-five years to fifty years and hence they direct any marketing activity to this age bracket. The resort needs also to target website visitors and make their home pages stand out to attract the attention. If we market resorts properly, they may receive customers from all over the world who are looking for exclusive and unique products and services. Proper marketing enhances increased sales returns and in return, customers expect efficient

Narration & Description, and the Writing Process Essay

Narration & Description, and the Writing Process - Essay Example Historically, Seattle had been inhabited by Native Americans more than 4000 years before the arrival of the first batch of white settlers. In fact, the city gets its name from the Native Duwamish and Suquamish tribes, which named their area settlement after their chief named Seattle (Sanders, 2010). When the first European named George Vancouver settled around Seattle in May 1792 and during his 1791–95 expeditions that charted the Pacific Northwest, the local tribes of Duwamish and Suquamish inhabited at least seventeen villages in the areas around Elliott Bay. This paper describes Seattle and its unique and memorable people and features, which make it such a special place including its nice and friendly people and the nice weather and climate. Why Seattle is Unique and Memorable The city’s geographical features are some of its attractions, mostly its hilly topography, which includes the West Seattle, Beacon Hill, First Hill, Queen Anne, Capitol Hill, Magnolia, and Denn y Hill. In addition to these hills, the other geographic features that adorn the landscape of Seattle are the Olympic and the Kitsap peninsulas, the Olympic Mountains, the Cascade Range, and lake Sammamish, which lies to the eastern parts o flake lake Washington. Others of these geographical features are the luxuriant green forests and the abundant water bodies, which are sources of livelihood and recreation for local and visiting communities (Sanders, 2010). The city’s topography also makes it such as beautiful place to live and visit. With the Elliot Bay bounding it to the lower left, the East Broadway Avenue running from upper left to lower right, and South Dearborn Street bordering the lower right, the city’s topography is a sight to be hold. Its sea line, rivers, forests, lakes, and the surrounding fields also make the city a sight to behold. The topography of the city is also quite ideal for activities such as bicycling, camping, sailing, skiing, and hiking throu ghout the year (Pierce, 2003). Tourism is the other attractive aspect of Seattle, which has quite a number of museums and galleries, annual fairs, and festivals, the most prominent of which are sea-fair events in July and August, memorial day weekend, the Seattle hempfest, independence day celebrations, the 24-day Seattle international film festival, the art and music festival bumbershoot, art and entertainment over the labor day weekend. The economic prowess and stability of the city is also one of its attractions since it is a mixture of old and new economies. Examples of the old economies of the city are its industrial companies while the new economy refers to internet and other technology services and goods companies (Pierce, 2003). Central to the city’s economic stability are its port, the Tacoma International Airport, trade with Asia, start-up and established businesses, green building and clean technologies The climate of the city also endears it to it inhabitants and tourists. The aspects of the city’s climate worth mentioning are its mild wet winters, warm dry summers, and oceanic or temperate marine. The city thus falls within the cool/mild wet winter, and dry-summer subtropical zone, characteristic of Mediterranean climate. In addition to the above geographical and climate features, the city’s neighborhoods and communities also make it such a special and memorable place for its inhabitants and visitors (Sanders, 2010). These neighborhoods and towns have numerous venues such

Marketing Communications: Promotion Strategy for Wimbledon

Marketing Communications: Promotion Strategy for Wimbledon BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION The All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club (â€Å"Club†) located at Wimbledon, is a private club founded in 1868. Its first ground was situated off Worple Road, Wimbledon, and the first Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship was instituted in 1877. By the turn of the century, Wimbledon, as the event had become known had grown in popularity and reputation, acquiring international status as the premier tennis event. By 1920, a company was formed to acquire and equip the present site at Church Road. A complex agreement governs and defines the relationship between the Club, the Lawn Tennis Association (LTA), the company, and Wimbledon as a self financing event. Profits from Wimbledon, held during June and July of each year, accrue to the LTA after meeting expenses of the Wimbledon tournament. LTA in turn utilises the surplus funds to develop tennis as a sport in Great Britain. A second company to exploit trademarks and brand opportunities was established in 1993, whereby any profits would accrue for the benefit of Wimbledon to improve the quality of the event for spectators, players, officials, and stakeholders. Surplus funds from Wimbledon that have been made available to LTA were 25.8 million in 2003. Wimbledon does not disclose revenue or sponsorship figures but it is estimated that it had a net income of  £ 34 million during 2004. (Wimbledon 2005 and Schwartz, 2004) Wimbledon, as an event does not appear to have a vision statement defined by Johnson and Scholes (2005) p13 as a â€Å"desired future state† or â€Å"aspirational statement.† Wimbledon has equally not published a mission statement, or â€Å"overriding purpose in line with the values or expectations of stakeholders.† (Johnson and Scholes, 2005, p13) However, given the close association with the LTA described above, it can be argued that the event’s underlying vision and mission are aligned and it is appropriate to quote the LTA’s vision, â€Å"to make Britain a great tennis nation,† and the mission statement, â€Å"more players, better players,† to give context to Wimbledon. (LTA, 2005) Wimbledon is marketed as an international event rather than a British event although British tennis derives the economic benefit. (Cambridge Econometrics, 2003) Essentially a small business employing less than 100 full time staff, the club is a local tennis facility in South West London, with a web site, clubhouse, museum, and a shop for 50 weeks of the year. Its distinguishing feature is a seating capacity of 35,500 spectators to accommodate Wimbledon. The total area of the club including courts, premises, and car parks is 42 acres. There are 375 full members plus a number of honorary members (including past singles champions) and approximately 100 temporary members elected annually. The workforce increases to 6000 during the period of the tournament. (Wimbledon, 2005) This report focuses on Wimbledon as a discrete, ring fenced event. It proposes an marketing communications strategy to the Club and the LTA committee, after due consideration of the macro, micro and market influences. MACRO-ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS The environmental context of Wimbledon encompasses a number of driving or restraining forces that have the capacity to influence the effectiveness of the communication strategy. PESTEL A common framework is that of PESTEL comprising political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, environmental, and legal influences. (Johnson and Scholes, 2005.) Fill (2002) suggests that seasonality is an additional factor in an event environment. The framework provides broad data from which the key drivers of change can be identified. Mega events on the scale of Wimbledon, which target an international market, and the success of which influences urban logistics such as transport and security, requires significant political support. (Bull, 2004) The United Kingdom government has established a set process for government involvement and investment that requires a clear assessment of benefits. This should also be seen in the context of post September 11th security concerns that may affect Wimbledon. (Strategy Unit, 2002) The positive economic benefits in terms of tourism expenditure and promotion of London as a destination highlight the interdependence of the PESTEL influences and the host city. Socio-cultural influences such as changing population demographics in Wimbledon’s target audience needs to be considered in terms of media access and viewing patterns. (Fill, 2002) Emerging technologies were used during 2004 as innovative mediums for the first time to expand the audience reach. These included a combinat ion of online media, video on demand, interactive television, and live coverage to Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) and mobile phones. The impact on promotion strategy in the lead up to and during the championship requires careful analysis to maximise audience reach. (Schwartz, 2004) The environmental impact of Wimbledon is substantial, albeit over a short period, in terms of noise, traffic, waste management and other influences. The Merton borough in which the event is located is revenue dependant on Wimbledon’s success as part of its urban regeneration programme and hence supports the event upon which it in turn derives a benefit. An emerging influence is that of corporate social responsibility and re-investment back into the community. This has a positive impact on legal influences such as council regulations and bylaws. (Gratton et al, 1999) Seasonality affects Wimbledon in terms of weather and the time of year in which the event is held. (Fill, 2002 and Wimbledon, 2005) Porter’s Five Forces Inherent to the theory of marketing communication strategy is the notion of competitiveness and gaining advantage over competitors. Porter’s development of generic strategies and a five forces model of analysis of competition within an industry are useful in understanding Wimbledon as a unique event. (Johnson and Scholes, 2005) Wimbledon’s prestige and history allows it to follow a differentiated premium pricing strategy in which the objective is to â€Å"maintain the quality and character of the tournament and not to maximise income.† (Wimbledon, 2005) Although Wimbledon is a profitable venture in the event industry, the barrier to entry to a rival wishing to compete is high and the prestige of Wimbledon not substitutable in terms of world attention and focus. Buyer power is limited by the spectator facilities and hence access in high demand, whilst are suppliers fragmented without a single dominant player. Competitive rivalry between Wimbledon and other events is not material and hence unlikely to threaten Wimbledon. Arguably Wimbledon’s position may be threatened in the future if the dynamics of the macro environment change. However a marketing communication strategy that builds on the successes of the past that continues to capitalise on innovative, leading edge communication strategies will ensure an image re-invention for future audiences. Product Life Cycle Wimbledon has changed its strategy from the garden party approach of the early 20th century through the skilful use of technology for its target audience in the 21st century, demonstrating that whilst in a mature phase of the life cycle model as a brand, it can maintain market share through re-invention of its product delivery. (Czinkota, Ronkainen, and Tarrant, 1995) MICRO-ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS Strategic Resources The analysis of the macro-environment has indicated Wimbledon’s positive base for competitive advantages. The sustainability of competitive advantage in terms of capability is based on strategic resourcing that reflects the distinctive resources which allow the Club and its partners to generate a superior product at a premium price. This is based on Wimbledon’s tangible resources such as facilities and grounds as well as intangible resources such as information, reputation, and knowledge. Wimbledon’s competencies are represented by the activities and processes whereby it deploys its resources year on year, building, and learning from successes of the past and ensuring that they cannot be imitated, thus sustaining its competitive advantage. The path dependency of Wimbledon’s resources has evolved through its culture and history that is influenced by causal ambiguity implying that worldwide perception of Wimbledon would be difficult to replicate. (Johnson an d Scholes, 2005) Marketing Mix The marketing mix is a key element of an integrated marketing communications plan. The concept has evolved from McCarthy’s 4P’s (product, price, place, and promotion) into different models that depend on their context. Recent developments have been the addition of personnel, physical assets, and procedures to the marketing mix forming the 7P’s in Booms and Bitner’s extended marketing mix model. This has especially reached acceptance in the discipline of services marketing and arguably Wimbledon’s combination of tangible and intangible resources, falls within that category. (Goldsmith, R. E. 1999) Goldsmith, 1999, p178 proposes an eighth P, â€Å"personalisation† in terms of individual needs and wants of the consumer. Wimbledon’s product offering is based on a combination of tangible cues represented by its physical offering, and intangible attributes such as prestige and status of the event. Premium brands such as Rolex have for example endorsed Wimbledon in their capacity as the â€Å"official timekeeper of the tournament† for over 25 years at a cost of approximately  £7 million. (Schwartz, 2004) Direct pricing is represented by the gate price for access, and indirect pricing through the sale of television rights to channels such as the BBC and NBC TV, to attract worldwide viewer audiences. The personnel or people component is represented by pride with which employees and volunteers provide quality services to the public and players. (Schwartz, 2004) The top players themselves compete for the privilege of playing and hence are frontline line actors both directly and indirectly in the service space. Personalisation can be demonstrated by the clever use of technology. For example the BBC has provided interactive television coverage allowing five simultaneous live matches on one screen that allowed viewers to personalise their choice of matches thus capturing 4 mi llion viewers in 2004. (Schwartz, 2004) Competitors The Davis Cup is an international team competition introduced in 1900 by American player Dwight Davis. Originally called the International Lawn Tennis Challenge Trophy, while initially only two teams participated (the USA and Great Britain), the competition has grown into an event in which over 100 nations now participate. It is a roving event and has been hosted at the Wimbledon grounds from time to time. The event itself has the same target market as Wimbledon but complements rather than competes with the championship event. Wimbledon therefore arguably has no competitors in terms of its positioning. (Wimbledon, 2005) SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) illustrated below in Table 1, is often used as a convenient summary of key issues from the business environment that may potentially impact on an organisation’s marketing communication strategy. (Johnson and Scholes, 2005.) The purpose is to identify the strategic options available to Wimbledon. A detailed analysis is beyond the scope of this report but Table 1 below illustrates focal elements that will be discussed in the creative proposal. Table 1: SWOT Matrix MARKET ANALYSIS This section of the report considers key figures and statistics relevant to Wimbledon as a basis for a creative proposal. Attendance Figures from the early 20th century are not available but in 1932 219,000 spectators attended the event. The 400,000 barrier was broken in 1986 and a record attendance of 490,081 in 2001 when play was extended into a fourteenth day. (Wimbledon, 2005) Table 2: Daily Attendance 2000-2004 * Bad Weather (more than 2 hours lost) ** Entire Day Rained Off (Source: Wimbledon, 2005) The table above clearly illustrates the effect of bad weather with significant decreases in spectator numbers due to cancelled matches. The wet weather refund policy to spectators attempt to compensate spectators who are an important element of Wimbledon theatre. Weather negatively influences viewers when coverage is not available which in turn may affect sponsors through loss of on-sold advertising revenues. However, plans for the remodelling of Centre Court at Wimbledon were unveiled in January 2004 and included a transparent, retractable roof over the centre court as well as an increase in spectator capacity. Revenue Wimbledon derives revenue from entrance tickets, â€Å"official suppliers,† or sponsors, media distribution and broadcasting rights. Ticket sales are not the primary source of revenue with a maximum income estimated at  £20 million using average ticket prices. The 15 official suppliers contribute an estimated gross income of  £120 million. Wimbledon does not publish revenue or sponsorship figures and the aforementioned figures are estimates. NBC TV for example pays an estimated  £7 million for broadcasting rights. (Schwartz, 2004 and Wimbledon, 2005) Official Suppliers provide goods and services, which are both essential for the staging of Wimbledon, and which meet the Club’s objective of improving the quality of the service provided to the players, spectators and the media. For example, Rolex appears on court scoreboards as the official timekeeper and Hertz provides transport for the players. (Schwartz, 2004 and Wimbledon, 2005) Demand for Wimbledon tickets has for decades exceeded supply. Tickets are also sold through the LTA and to their affiliated tennis clubs, schools, membership scheme and to foreign tennis associations. Wimbledon remains one of the very few major UK sporting events for which one can still buy premium tickets on the day. Each day (excluding the last four days, approximately 500 are specifically reserved for sale at the turnstiles. Ground tickets may also be purchased on the day of play on every day. Costs of pre-booked tickets range from  £24 to  £59 or  £4 or  £16 sold on the day. Every five years centre court Wimbledon debentures are sold. The issue of 2,300 debentures for the 2006-2010 Championships inclusive has already been oversubscribed. Each debenture, priced at  £23,150 (nominal value  £2,000, a premium of  £18,000 and VAT of  £3,150), entitles the holder to a reserved seat in Centre Court on each day of the tournament during the five year period. (Schwartz, 200 4, and Wimbledon, 2005) The lack of detailed financial information does not allow a realistic or accurate comparison with Wimbledon’s competitors in the international arena. Target Market Wimbledon has an 82.4% adult television reach in Britain during the tournament. UK Sport suggests that tennis tournaments and Wimbledon in particular to the younger ABC1 income group with a gender bias towards a women audience for British success in sport. Accurate figures for the world audience are not readily available. (Taylor Nelson and Sofres, 2002) Hassan, Kraft, and Kortam, (2003) suggest that the scale and reach of an event such as Wimbledon requires rethinking in terms of a converging commonality of a global consumer’s interest in the event. They recommend an avoidance of over complex marketing plans that rise above domestic or micro buyer attitudes, motivation, and behavioural demographics commonly used for segmentation in local markets. CREATIVE PROPOSAL The proposal to Wimbledon’s committee is to leverage the existing brand equity associated with the tournament in order to improve perceptions of tennis in the broader international environment as basis for entrenching Wimbledon’s position as the premier international tennis event. The concept is a natural extension of the LTA’s British vision to that of the international arena and represents an affirmation of Wimbledon’s commitment to the principles of corporate social responsibility. It is suggested that the current â€Å"tennis ace† campaign of identifying talented, but economically disadvantaged players be extended to the third world whereby winners would be invited to celebrity matches during the tournament hence leveraging off the existing promotional mix of the event. (LTA, 2005, and Wimbledon, 2005) Brand equity is a measure of a number of differing components including beliefs, images, and core associations that consumers have about a particular brand such as Wimbledon. A brand with strong equity has the capacity to strengthen barriers to entry and ensure sustainable competitive advantage, and in so doing, maintain premium pricing. (Johnson and Scholes, 2005) An integrated marketing communication strategy has an important role to play to ensure consistency of message across domestic and international marketing initiatives. (Fill, 2002) The marketing communication objectives will be to raise levels of awareness amongst stakeholders with respect to Wimbledon’s commitment to developing tennis as a sport internationally and more particularly in potential future markets in the developing world. In order to achieve this objective, Wimbledon will have to maintain its position as an important contributor to the LTA and hence it’s commitment to Britain, but at the same time extend the awareness of its developmental commitment to tennis globally. Suitably credible spokespersons representing tournament winners will be important balance the possible conflicting interests of LTA domestically and Wimbledon internationally. CAMPAIGN A campaign is a unique combination of advertising, promotional events, public relations and other marketing communication activities that all express the same consistent message. When implemented effectively, they present a cumulative strategic message to the target markets under a collective symbolic umbrella whilst enhancing the emotional connection to a brand. (Robinson and Hauri, 1991) The proposed campaign methodology for Wimbledon is a gentile form of ambush marketing in that the official suppliers and television broadcasters will provide the communication channel for the initiative. A programme definition, scope, and schedule of activity will be constructed for the â€Å"tennis ace† project to coincide with the promotional strategies that lead up to the tournament. (Arens, 1999) The indirect endorsement by mega brands such as American Express, Hertz, and Rolex will add to the strength of the message. It is Wimbledon’s stated objective that free-to-air television, and radio access across the world should be made available for all or part of the tournament and by default, to the developing world and emerging markets. (Wimbledon, 2005) This will ensure accessibility to talented players participating in the scheme and arouse local country interest in the programme. Campaign scheduling would automatically align with the promotional activities of official suppliers and broadcasters. The profile and push strategy defining the campaign is estimated at  £1.2 million, including concept, creative and limited internal marketing with a  £500,000 budget for control and evaluation. Important to note is that an estimated 1.8 billion people in 164 countries watched 5,700 hours of Wimbledon coverage in 2004 through existing channel arrangements. (Schwartz, 2004) Control and evaluation would be affected partly through external agencies such as the sponsors and broadcasters, but Wimbledon would be responsible for overall message delivery and control. Focus groups, tracking studies of awareness and perception and recall tests will be used to monitor the impact of the campaign. In particular the marketing communication objectives will be assessed regularly as the main form of evaluation. (Fill, 2002) CONCLUSION This reported has reviewed the external and internal environments of a highly successful event with the objective of leveraging off existing competitive advantages to entrench an already strong position as a means of expansion into potential new markets. It takes cognisance of the emerging importance of corporate social responsibility in terms of itself and its official suppliers and establishes a cost efficient programme to meet international requirements whilst contributing to its own future success. REFERENCES Aarens, W. F. (1999) Contemporary Advertising, International Edition. Irwin, McGraw Hill. Bull, A. O. (2004) â€Å"Mega Or Multi-Mini? Comparing The Value To A Destination Of Different Policies Towards Events.† Unpublished paper presented at Third DeHaan Tourist Management Conference, 14 December 2004. Cambridge Econometrics. (2003) â€Å"The Value of the Sports Economy in the Regions: the Case of London.† Sports England. Czinkota, M. , Ronkainen, I. A. and Tarrant, J. J. (1995) The Global Marketing Imperative. Lincolnwood, Illinois, NTC Business Books. Fill, C. (2002) Marketing Communications: Contexts, Strategies and Applications. London, Financial Times, Prentice Hall. Getz, D. (1997) Event Management and Event Tourism. New York, Cognizant Communications. Goldsmith, R. E. (1999) â€Å"The Personalised Marketplace: Beyond the 4P’s.† Marketing Intelligence and Planning. Volume 17, 4. Gratton, C., Shibli, S. and Coleman, R. (1999) The Economic Benefits of Hosting Major Sporting Events. Insights. Hassan, S. S., Craft, S. and Kortam, W. (2003) â€Å"Understanding the New Bases for Global Market Segmentation.† Journal of Consumer Marketing. Volume 20, 5. Johnson, G., and Scholes, K. (2005) Exploring Corporate Strategy Seventh Edition. Harlow, Pearson Education Ltd. LTA. (2005) Lawn Tennis Association. www.lta.org.uk Accessed 21 April 2005. Robinson, W. A. and Hauri, C. (1991) Promotional Marketing. Lincolnwood, Illinois, NTC Business Books. Strategy Unit. (2002) â€Å"Game Plan: A Game Plan for Delivering Government’s Sport and Physical Activity Objectives.† www.number-10.gov.uk. Accessed 19 April 2005. Schwartz, J. A. (2004) Wimbledon’s Marketing Grand Slam. www.imediaconnection.com. Accessed: 21 April 2005. Taylor, Nelson and Sofres (2002) UK Sporting Preferences. UK Sport. UK Sport Wimbledon. (2005) â€Å"All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club: the Official Web Site.† www.wimbledon.org. Accessed: 20 April 2005.

adolescent depression Essay -- essays research papers

Depression is a disease that afflicts the human psyche in such a way that the afflicted tend to act and react abnormally toward others and themselves. Adolescent depression is greatly under diagnosed, and leads to serious difficulties in school, and personal adjustment. The reason why depression is often overlooked in children is because children are not always able to express how they feel. Therefore, teachers should be trained in dealing with depressed youths, and to advise the parents of the child to seek professional treatment. School is the place where children spend most of their waking hours learning, socializing, and growing. A child needs to be mentally healthy in order to learn properly, and sometimes problems arise at home, with friends, or with themselves. These problems need to be noticed, and talked about. Teachers have to pay attention to adolescents’ behavioral patterns, and work with the child on a one to one basis. The child can then open up and talk freely with the teacher about anything that is on their mind. Learning disabilities or conduct disorder can put a child in greater risk of depression. Therefore, treating one problem and ignoring the other will not help the child overcome their difficulties (Fassler 63). Family must also play a major role in helping their depressed adolescent. Until the last decade, the commonly held view has been that depression affected persons in their middle years, and did not occur in childhood or adolescence. A lot has changed in the past decade. Due to systematic followup studies of children under treatment, and depressed parents, the onset of depression occurs during adolescence, and must be treated during adolescence (Weissman 210). Depression has a wide range of symptoms, from being sad or mad to withdrawal from others, or lashing out at others. Symptoms of youth depression are often masked. Instead of expressing sadness, teenagers may express boredom and irritability, or may choose to engage in risky behaviors. Other emotional problems make it hard to recognize depression in a child, but usually overlap with depression. Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD), is a neurochemical problem which makes it difficult for a child to pay attention or focus. These children are very fidgety, have trouble sitting still, and may interrupt others. New research suggests that out of 1,700 adolescents with this d... ...ants work by allowing certain neurotransmitters to accumulate in the central nervous system. They are given to elevate mood, counter suicidal thoughts, and increase the effectiveness of psychotherapy (Weissman 195). Prescribing antidepressants to the young raises thorny issues. There is not an objective test for depression, forcing parents and physicians to decide whether a child is clinically depressed or simply riding the roller coaster emotions of growing up. Critics worry about aggressive marketing tactics and consequent overuse. Antidepressants often are used daily for many years, yet researchers haven’t conducted long term studies to see how the chemicals affect still growing bodies. Within ten years, doctors are reaching for the ability to pinpoint the causes of distress, make treatments more specific, hopefully to the point of where the first episode of depression in kids can be pointed out and treated (Koch 608). Until we have more research to prove the safeness of antidepressants among growing children, and more ideas of htow our brain actually works, the best we as a society can do is educate our children through resilliance to help depressed kids the best way we can.

Cooking Paper Essay

In the article by Mark Bitten, he makes the agreement that most people can feed themselves a healthy meal at home for less money than a meal from the local fast food establishment. His position is that food cooked at home is more nutritious, better for the environment and better for families in general. I agree with Mark Bitten, Junk food such as McDonald’s which most lower income families have for dinner cause its cheaper instead of having something healthy like broccoli which is less affordable is the problem America is having. All of this junk food is the reason why Americans are so overweight, when in fact hyper processed food remains more expensive than food cooked at home. The government subsidies given to the fast food companies are ridiculous. There are five fast-food restaurants for every super market in the United States. The adjusted inflation price of fresh produce has increased by 40 percent while inconceivable the price of soda and processed food has decreased by as much as 30 percent. There could be hundreds of arguments and statements made about this article but what it comes down to to stop our country from dying is real cultural changes. Cooking at home and making food had to become part of normal life, Americans need to see that McDonald’s is hurting them more then it’s helping them. There addictive behaviors are influencing younger kids to be born into bad habits and start a chain of obesity and eating bad. Efforts are being put into slowly stop this, Grocery stores in California are making things affordable for low income people, Zoning laws are restricting the number of fast food restaurants in certain areas, and there have been several programs to educate and build fresh food areas around America. Personally I have not eaten McDonald’s, Wendy’s or Burger King in 11 years and have made efforts to show how bad there food really is and how harming it is. Hopefully people can see the negative effects Junk food has on American’s and the positive effects cooking food at home it has on American’s and this problem can be resolved so we can live in a better world.